Identifying forces acting on a body and effect of frictional force in Friction – Class 8 Science Experiment

Chapter Name: Friction

Activity Name: Identifying forces acting on a body and effect of frictional force in Friction

Activity Description:

The experiment aims to observe and understand the forces acting on a book when it is pushed on a horizontal floor. By analyzing the book’s motion, the presence and effects of frictional force are explored.

Required Items:

1. A book
2. Horizontal floor

Step by Step Procedure:

1. Place the book on a horizontal floor.
2. Gently push the book in one direction (as shown in fig.1).
3. Observe the book’s behavior as you push it.
4. Take note of the following observations: a. The book acquires a certain speed in the direction of the push. b. The book’s speed gradually decreases, and after some time, it stops.

Experiment Observations:

1. The book gains speed in the direction of the push.
2. The book gradually slows down and comes to a stop.
3. The motion of the book is non-uniform, indicating the presence of a net force.

Precautions:

1. Ensure the floor is clean and free from any obstacles that could affect the experiment’s outcome.
2. Use gentle and consistent force while pushing the book to avoid any sudden movements or damage.

Lesson Learnt from Experiment:

Through this experiment, students will learn about the concept of frictional force. The observations demonstrate that when an object (the book) is pushed on a horizontal surface (the floor), the motion experiences a deceleration due to the friction between the book and the floor.

The book eventually comes to a stop because of this opposing force. Additionally, students will understand that non-uniform motion occurs only when a net force acts on an object.