Current in the circuit in Electromagnetism- Class 10 Science Experiment
Chapter Name: Electromagnetism
Activity Name: Current in the circuit in Electromagnetism
Activity Description:
In this experiment, we will investigate the effect of a current-carrying wire on a wooden plank when exposed to a magnetic field. The wooden plank has two long wooden sticks fixed on it, with a copper wire passing through the splits of these sticks.
The ends of the copper wire are connected to a 3-volt battery through a switch, creating a closed circuit. When the circuit is closed, a current passes through the wire. We will then bring a horseshoe magnet near the copper wire to observe its deflection.
Required Items:
- Wooden plank
- Two long wooden sticks
- Copper wire
- Horseshoe magnet
- 3-volt battery
- Switch
Step by Step Procedure:
- Fix the two long wooden sticks on the wooden plank, ensuring they are split at their top ends.
- Pass a copper wire through the splits in the wooden sticks.
- Connect the ends of the copper wire to the 3-volt battery using a switch to create a closed circuit.
- Close the switch to allow current to pass through the wire.
- Bring the horseshoe magnet near the copper wire and observe its deflection.
Experiment Observations:
- The copper wire deflects when the current passes through it and the horseshoe magnet is brought near it.
- The direction of deflection is observed by applying the right-hand thumb rule, which helps determine the direction of the force acting on the wire.
Precautions:
- Handle the electrical components (battery, wire, and switch) with care to avoid accidents.
- Do not touch the wire or any part of the circuit when it is connected to the battery and the switch is closed.
- Ensure the wooden plank and sticks are firmly fixed to provide a stable setup.
- Keep the magnetic field away from electronic devices, as it may cause interference.
Lesson Learnt from Experiment:
This experiment demonstrates the relationship between electric currents and magnetic fields. When a current flows through a wire, it generates a magnetic field around it.
The interaction between the magnetic field produced by the current-carrying wire and the external magnetic field of the horseshoe magnet results in the deflection of the wire. The direction of deflection can be determined using the right-hand thumb rule, which aligns with the theoretical expectations.
