Change in temperature when change in state in Heat – Class 10 Science Experiment

Chapter Name: Heat

Activity Name: Change in temperature when change in state in Heat

Activity Description:

In this experiment, we will observe the changes in temperature as a solid ice sample undergoes a change of state from solid to liquid. The experiment involves heating a beaker containing small ice cubes and measuring the temperature using a thermometer at regular intervals until all the ice has melted and turned into water.

Required Items:

1. Beaker
2. Small ice cubes
3. Thermometer
4. Burner or heat source

Step by Step Procedure:

1. Take a small beaker and fill it with some ice cubes.
2. Insert the thermometer into the ice cubes in the beaker and record the initial temperature reading.
3. Place the beaker on a burner or heat source and start heating it.
4. Continuously observe and record the temperature reading on the thermometer at one-minute intervals until all the ice has completely melted and turned into water.

Experiment Observations:

1. Initially, the temperature of the ice will be at or below 0°C.
2. As the ice is heated, the temperature will start to rise gradually.
3. Once the ice starts melting, the temperature will remain constant at 0°C until all the ice has melted.

Precautions:

1. Handle the hot beaker with care to avoid burns.
2. Use proper safety equipment while conducting the experiment, such as gloves and safety goggles.
3. Ensure that the burner or heat source is placed on a stable surface to prevent accidents.
4. Do not touch the beaker or the thermometer during heating, as they will be hot.

Lesson Learnt from Experiment:

The experiment demonstrates that during a change of state, such as from solid to liquid (ice to water), the temperature remains constant even though heat is continuously supplied.

The temperature remains constant at the melting point until all the solid has converted into the liquid state. This observation is significant as it illustrates the concept of latent heat of fusion, which is the heat energy absorbed or released during a change of state.